有

有 U+6709, 有 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6709 ← 月 [U+6708] CJK Unified Ideographs 朊 → [U+670A]

㊒ U+3292, ㊒ CIRCLED IDEOGRAPH HAVE ← ㊑ [U+3291] Enclosed CJK Letters and Months ㊓ → [U+3293]

Text style	Emoji style
🈶︎	🈶️
Text style is forced with ⟨︎⟩ and emoji style with ⟨️⟩.
🈶 U+1F236, 🈶 SQUARED CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6709 ← 🈵 [U+1F235] Enclosed Ideographic Supplement 🈷 → [U+1F237]

Stroke order (Japan)

Stroke order (Chinese)

有 (Kangxi radical 74, 月+2, 6 strokes, Cangjie input 大月 (KB), four-corner 4022₇, composition ⿸𠂇月)

• 侑, 哊, 姷, 㤢, 洧, 陏, 栯, 烠, 珛, 絠, 蛕, 詴, 賄 (贿), 酭, 銪 (铕), 鮪 (鲔), 䵋
• 迶, 䞥, 郁, 戫, 㬼, 䳑, 㦽, 龓, 㤫, 䀁, 肴, 宥, 峟, 䒴, 䆜, 䨖, 痏, 囿

Despite the technically-correct radical being ⺼ (“meat”) as described in this entry’s glyph origin section, 有 is associated with the radical 月 (“moon”) in dictionaries for historical reasons and is likewise written as if it contained the 月 radical, i.e. it has 二 instead of 冫 inside of 冂.

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 504, character 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14332
• Dae Jaweon: page 880, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2041, character 5
• Unihan data for U+6709

trad.		有
simp. #		有
alternative forms		𠂇 𢇔 𪠥

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɢʷɯʔ): phonetic 又 (OC *ɢʷɯs) + semantic 肉 (“meat”). The hand shape has been abstracted to 𠂇; compare 右, where 又 has also taken this shape. The 肉 in turn has taken the form of ⺼.

The character may have been the original form of 侑 (OC *ɢʷɯs, “to urge to eat”). Alternatively, it may be the original form of 醢 (OC *qʰɯːʔ, “minced pickled meat”), which also has the 又 (OC *ɢʷɯs) element as phonetic.

Folk etymology traditionally explains it as a hand holding meat, hence “in possession of”. However, the oracle bone script shows no meat.

Shuowen Jiezi and other ancient sources have erroneously analyzed the character as a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɢʷɯʔ): phonetic 又 (OC *ɢʷɯs) + semantic 月 (“moon”). Shuowen Jiezi defines 有 as "不宜有也" ("[to have something that] not should be had"), citing the Spring and Autumn Annals (春秋傳): "日月有食之" ("There are solar and lunar eclipses"). As eclipses were not auspicious to the Chinese, they were "something that should not be happening". The 月 component alludes to the inauspicious lunar eclipse.

Possibly Sino-Tibetan. Compare Tibetan ཡོད (yod, “to be; to have”). Related to:

• 侑 (OC *ɢʷɯs, “to offer, to sacrifice”) [causative, i.e. “to cause to have”]
• 又 (OC *ɢʷɯs, “again”) [adverbial]
• 或 (OC *ɡʷɯːɡ, “some; or”) [indefinite]

有

1. to have; to possess (when a subject is present)

   我有兩輛車。／我有两辆车。  ―  Wǒ yǒu liǎng liàng chē.  ―  I have two cars.

   大象有著長長的鼻子。 [MSC, trad.]
   大象有着长长的鼻子。 [MSC, simp.]

   Dàxiàng yǒuzhe chángcháng de bízi. [Pinyin]

   Elephants have long trunks.

   • 甘橘，大厘城有之，其味酸。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]

     From: Tang Dynasty, Fan Chuo, Manshu, chapter 7, part 7

     Gānjú, Dàlí chéng yǒu zhī, qí wèi suān. [Pinyin]

     Dali City has sweet tangerines, but their flavour is sour.

3. there is; to exist (when a subject is absent)

   有很多人。  ―  Yǒu hěn duō rén.  ―  There are a lot of people.

   這兒有書嗎？／这儿有书吗？  ―  Zhèr yǒu shū ma?  ―  Are there any books here?

   這裡有著清新的空氣。 [MSC, trad.]
   这里有着清新的空气。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhèlǐ yǒuzhe qīngxīn de kōngqì. [Pinyin]

   There is fresh air here.

   「陳小明同學！」「有！」 [MSC, trad.]
   「陈小明同学！」「有！」 [MSC, simp.]

   “Chén Xiǎomíng tóngxué!” “Yǒu!” [Pinyin]

   "Is John Doe here?" "Present!" (scene of taking roll at a classroom)

4. (to certain extent)

   這條繩子有兩米長。 [MSC, trad.]
   这条绳子有两米长。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhè tiáo shéngzǐ yǒu liǎng mǐ cháng. [Pinyin]

   This rope is two meters long.

   有這麼貴嗎？／有这么贵吗？  ―  Yǒu zhème guì ma?  ―  Is it really that expensive?

5. (euphemistic) to be pregnant with a child
6. abundant; affluent
7. many; much; (of time) long; (of age) old
8. some (indefinite pronoun)
9. (literary or dialectal) Placed before a verb to emphasize that the action has been done.

   古語有云／古语有云 [Classical Chinese]  ―  gǔyǔ yǒu yún [Pinyin]  ―  as the saying goes (literally, “the old saying has said”)

   伊拄才有出來。 [Hokkien, trad.]
   伊拄才有出来。 [Hokkien, simp.]

   I tú-chiah ū chhut-lâi. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

   He did come just now.

   我有去過海洋公園。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   我有去过海洋公园。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   ngo⁵ jau⁵ heoi³ gwo³ hoi² joeng⁴ gung¹ jyun^4-2. [Jyutping]

   I have been to Ocean Park.

   我有看見過他。／我有看见过他。  ―  Wǒ yǒu kànjiàn guò tā.  ―  I have seen him.

10. a surname

    有子  ―  Yǒuzǐ  ―  Philosopher You

11. A meaningless prefix.

    有夏  ―  yǒuxià  ―  China

12. (Hokkien, Teochew) Particle used after a verb to indicate accomplishment or accomplishability of a goal.

    聽有／听有 [Hokkien]  ―  thiaⁿ ū [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to understand (when listening); to be able to hear

    揣有 [Teochew]  ―  cuê⁷ u⁶ [Peng'im]  ―  to be able to find

13. (～日) (telegraphy) the twenty-fifth day of a month

• In Mandarin, 有 is the only verb not negated with 不 (bù). It is negated with 沒／没 (méi).

  我沒有錢／我没有钱  ―  wǒ méiyǒu qián  ―  I don't have any money

• (to exist):

• (particle used after a verb to indicate accomplishment):

• (antonym(s) of “to have”): 沒／没 (méi), 無／无 (wú)

• → English: got (Singapore English) (semantic loan)
• → Betawi: ada (semantic loan)

有

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 又 (yòu, “again”)
2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 又 (yòu, “and; with a remainder of (when dividing an integer by ten)”)
   • c. 475 - 221 BCE, Disciples of Confucius, “為政 [wéizhèng, Wei Zheng]”, in James Legge, transl., 論語 [The Analects of Confucius]:

     吾十有五而志於學，三十而立。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     吾十有五而志于学，三十而立。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     Wú shí yòu wǔ ér zhì yú xué, sānshí ér lì. [Pinyin]

     When I was 10 and 5 years (15 years old), I devoted myself to study. At the age of 30, I established myself (got a job and started a family).

   • 227, 諸葛亮, 前出師表 (Former Chu Shi Biao)‎^[1]:

     後值傾覆，受任於敗軍之際，奉命於危難之間，爾來二十有一年矣。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     后值倾覆，受任于败军之际，奉命于危难之间，尔来二十有一年矣。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     Hòu zhí qīngfù, shòurèn yú bàijūn zhī jì, fèngmìng yú wēinán zhī jiān, ěrlái èrshí yòu yī nián yǐ. [Pinyin]

     Later a defeat occurred, and I was appointed during this defeat, and received orders at this dangerous time. Since then, it has been one-and-twenty years.

• “有”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01842
• “有”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2026.

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

1. have; possess; own
2. to exist; to bring into existence
3. keep; maintain
4. happen; occur

• Go-on: う (u, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: ゆう (yū, Jōyō)^{←いう (iu, historical)}
• Kun: ある (aru, 有る, Jōyō)、あり (ari, 有り)、あり (ari, 有)、もつ (motsu, 有つ)、たもつ (tamotsu, 有つ)
• Nanori: あ (a)、あら (ara)、あり (ari)、ある (aru)、くに (kuni)、すみ (sumi)、たもつ (tamotsu)、とお (tō)、とも (tomo)、なお (nao)、なり (nari)、みち (michi)、もち (mochi)、や (ya)、り (ri)、あん (an)

• 有(あり)明(あけ) (ariake)

Kanji in this term
有
ゆう Grade: 3
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 有 (MC hjuwX). The sense “and, with a remainder of” is from Middle Chinese 有 / 又 (MC hjuwH).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

• IPA^(key): [jɯ̟ː]
• (Tokyo) ゆう [yúꜜù] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]

有(ゆう) • (yū) ^{←いう (iu)?}

1. exist
2. have; possess; own
3. (between numbers) and; with a remainder of

有(ゆう) • (yū) ^{←いう (iu)?}

1. existence
2. possession
3. (Buddhism) synonym of 有 (u)
4. short for 有限会社 (yūgengaisha, “limited company”)

Kanji in this term
有
う Grade: 3
goon

From Middle Chinese 有 (MC hjuwX).

The goon pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.

• IPA^(key): [ɯ̟]
• (Tokyo) う [úꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]

有(う) • (u) 

1. exist

有(う) • (u) 

1. (Buddhism) bhava (becoming, existence)​

Kanji in this term
有
なお Grade: 3
nanori

• IPA^(key): [na̠o̞]

有(なお) • (Nao) 

1. a female given name

Kanji in this term
有
あ Grade: 3
nanori

For pronunciation and definitions of 有 – see the following entry.

【あ】 [verb] (Classical Japanese) to be, to exist Alternative spelling 在

(This term, 有, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Kanji in this term
有
あ(り) Grade: 3
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 有 – see the following entry.

【有あり】 [noun] nominalization of 有る (aru): there is, available [noun] (colloquial) OK, acceptable [verb] stem or continuative form of 有る (aru) [godan] [verb] Classical Japanese form of 有る (aru): to be, to exist Alternative spellings 在り, 在

(This term, 有, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

有 (eumhun 있을 유 (isseul yu))

1. hanja form^? of 유 (“to possess; to have; to exist”)

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

• Kun: あん (an, 有ん)

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

• Kun: あーㇲ゙ (aadz, 有ーㇲ゙)

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

• Kun: あん (an, 有ん)

有: Hán Việt readings: hữu^[1][2][3]
有: Nôm readings: hữu^[1][3][4][5], hỡi^[2][6], hơi^[2]

1. chữ Hán form of hữu (“to have; to own”)

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

• Kun: あん (an, 有ん)

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

• Kun: あん (an, 有ん)