-ton

• -tone
• -town

From Middle English -ton, -tone, -tune, from Old English -tūn, derived from Old English tūn (“town”). Doublet of town.

• IPA^(key): /tən/, [tn̩]

-ton (proper noun-forming suffix)

1. Place-name suffix, originally denoting a town or enclosure of buildings.

   Washington

2. (mathematics, bridge) A set of specific objects or persons.

   singleton

• Not., Ont, not., NTO, TNO, Not, NOT, not, Ont., ONT, on't

• IPA^(key): /-toːn/, [-toːn̥]

-tōn (plural -totōn)

1. (appended to nouns) a diminutive suffix; forms nouns denoting smallness, and rarely insignificance.

• The diminutive element -tōn is inserted between the noun stem and the absolutive or possessive ending if there is one.
• The suffix -tōn takes the plural form -totōn(tin), undergoing reduplication plus the addition of the plural suffix -tin.

piltōntli (“small child”) → pīpiltotōntin (“small children”)

• If the stem does not take an absolutive suffix (i.e. -tli and its assimilated forms, -tl and -li), the resulting diminutive does not either, and -tin is omitted in the plural.

chichitōn (“small dog”) → chichitotōn (“small dogs”)

• The same can also happen with nouns taking the absolutive -in.

quimichin (“mouse”) → quimichtōn (“small mouse”), but citlālin (“star”) → citlāltōntli (“small star”)

• (diminutive affix): -pīl, tepitōn, -tzin

• (antonym(s) of “augmentative affix”): huēyi, -pōl

• Frances Karttunen (1992), An Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl, University of Oklahoma Press, page 247
• James Lockhart (2001), Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts, Stanford University Press, page 240

• -toin (archaic or dialectal)

From Proto-Finnic *-t'oin (compare Estonian -tu), from Proto-Uralic *-ktama (compare Northern Sami -heapme and Moksha -фтома (-ftoma), Erzya -(в)томо (-(v)tomo), Udmurt -тэм (-tem)).

-ton (front vowel harmony variant -tön, linguistic notation -tOn)

1. Indicates lack of something; -less, un-, in-, non-, -free.

   ‎aika (“time”) + ‎-ton → ‎ajaton (“timeless”)

   ‎järki (“sense”) + ‎-ton → ‎järjetön (“senseless”)

   ‎maku (“taste”) + ‎-ton → ‎mauton (“tasteless”)

   ‎ääri (“border”) + ‎-ton → ‎ääretön (“infinite”)

   ‎suola (“salt”) + ‎-ton → ‎suolaton (“unsalted”)

   ‎maito (“milk”) + ‎-ton → ‎maidoton (“nondairy”)

   ‎syy (“reason, blame”) + ‎-ton → ‎syytön (“innocent”)

Added to the genitive singular (weak grade) stem.

• -llinen

• -maton

• Hakulinen, Lauri. 1941–2000. Suomen kielen rakenne ja kehitys ('The Structure and Development of the Finnish Language'). Helsinki: Otava/Helsingin yliopisto.

• -nto

-ton

1. -teen (suffix for the numbers 13 to 19)

• tonår

See also the translations for thirteen to nineteen.