kul

Clipping of English Kulere.

kul

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Kulere.

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Kulere terms

From Proto-Albanian * ̊kull-, from Proto-Indo-European *kwel- (“to revolve, twist”). Occurs almost exclusively in prefixed form with për-. Probably related to ul.

kul (aorist (për)kula, participle (për)kulur)

1. to bend, crouch, bow

• përkul

Inherited from Proto-Yeniseian *Huλ (“water”).^[1][2][3]

• IPA^(key): /kul/

kul (plural unknown)

1. water; river (?)

• Also found in various hydronymota as a suffix.^[4]

• Toporov, Vladimir Nikolajevich (1968), “Материалы к срабнительно-исторической фонетике Енисейских языков. 1. Аринско-Енисейские соответствия”, in Ivanov, Vjacheslav Vselodovich, Toporov, Vladimir Nikolajevich, Uspenskij, Boris Andreevich, editors, Кетский Сборник 1: Лингвистика, Moscow: Nauka, page 289
• Werner, Heinrich (2002), Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, volume 2, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 378
• Werner, Heinrich K. (2005), Die Jenissej-Sprachen des 18. Jahrhunderts (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz KG, →ISBN, page 160

• (Revived Middle Cornish) IPA^(key): [kyːl]
• (Revived Late Cornish) IPA^(key): [kiːl]

From Old Cornish cul, from Proto-Brythonic *kʉl, from Proto-Celtic *koilos (“thin”) (compare Old Irish coíl, Welsh cul).

kul

1. narrow

   Synonym: ynn

   Antonyms: efan, ledan

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

kul

1. hard mutation of gul (“to do, make”)

• IPA^(key): [ˈkul]

kul

1. masculine singular past active participle of kout

From Old Norse kol, from Proto-Germanic *kulą, cognate with Swedish kol, German Kohle, Dutch kool, English coal.

• IPA^(key): /kol/, [ˈkʰɔl]

kul n (singular definite kullet, plural indefinite kul)

1. coal

• “kul” in Den Danske Ordbog

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

• IPA^(key): /kuːˀl/, [ˈkʰuˀl]

kul

1. imperative of kule

• IPA^(key): /kʏl/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʏl

From Middle Dutch cul, kul (“testicle”), from Old French coille, from Latin cōleus (“testicle”).

kul f (plural kullen, diminutive kulletje n)

1. (obsolete) testicle
2. (dialectal) marble (small ball used in various games)
3. (obsolete) loser, wuss, wimp

Clipping of flauwekul, a univerbation of the adjective flauw (“insipid, tasteless”) and the noun kul (“testicle”).

kul m (uncountable, no diminutive)

1. nonsense, rubbish

• IPA^(key): [ˈkʰʏːl]
• Rhymes: -ʏːl

kul n (genitive singular kuls, no plural)

1. (light) breeze

   Synonym: gola

From Proto-Turkic *kul.

kul

1. slave

• N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “kul”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN

• IPA^(key): /ˈkuˀl/, [ˈkuˀl]

From Proto-Finnic *kulo.

ku’l

1. dry grass (from the previous year)

From Proto-Finnic *kulu.

ku’l

1. (usually in the plural) cost, expense

• Tiit-Rein Viitso; Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), “ku’l”, in Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[2] (in Estonian and Latvian), Tartu, Rīga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra

kul

1. second-person singular imperative of kiel

• IPA^(key): /kʉːl/
• Rhymes: -ʉːl
• Hyphenation: kul

Related to kule (“ball; lump, swelling”), from Old Norse kúla (“swelling, bump”), from Proto-Germanic *kūlǭ (“bump, swelling”).

Compare Norwegian Nynorsk kul, Swedish kul and kula, Icelandic kúla, German Kaule and Dutch kuil (“bump, swelling; pit, hollow”).

kul m (definite singular kulen, indefinite plural kuler, definite plural kulene)

1. a rounded protrusion, lump, swelling or bump, especially on the body

   Synonyms: bule, hevelse, klump

   Han fikk en stor kul i panna. ― He got a large bump on his forehead.

   • 1921, Sigrid Undset, Husfrue, page 42:

     en stor kul i panden

     a large bump on the forehead

   • 1898, Hans E. Kinck, Hugormen, page 60:

     en kul i magen

     a lump in the abdomen

   • 2021, Nina Brochmann and Ellen Støkken Dahl, Gutteboka, page 133:

     en kul i pungen

     a lump in the scrotum

2. a rounded elevation or hump in the terrain

   De satte seg på en liten kul i terrenget. ― They sat down on a small rise in the terrain.

3. (skiing) the convex upper part of the landing slope of a ski-jumping hill; the knoll

   Skihopperen landet på kulen. ― The ski jumper landed on the knoll.

4. (card games) a type of poker
   • 1957, Bjørn Rongen, I jøkulens skygge, page 145:

     spiller de kul eller bank

     whether they play kul or bank

Borrowed from Swedish kul (“fun, amusing, interesting”), with semantic influence from English cool (“calm, unaffected; fashionable, appealing”). The Swedish word is of uncertain origin, possibly related to kyllä (“yes, indeed”) or to Swedish kula (“something successful; a stroke of luck”).

Compare Norwegian Bokmål cool (“cool, calm; fashionable, appealing”).

kul (neuter singular kult, definite singular and plural kule, comparative kulere, indefinite superlative kulest, definite superlative kuleste)

1. (colloquial) fun, amusing or interesting; cool, nice or appealing

   Synonyms: morsom, artig, stilig

   Det var en kul film. ― It was a cool film.

   • 1970, Arbeider-Avisa, number 53, page 10, column 5:

     «kul»

     fun

   • 1977, Børre Karterudseter, Sannheten? Ja og nei!, page 24:

     kul

     nice

   • 1980, Camilla J.J. Skattvik, Bare lek?, page 79:

     kulere

     cooler

   • 1978, Erling T. Gjelsvik, Dødt løp, page 44:

     kule

     cool

   • 1974, Dag Coucheron, Fra en ung manns dagbok, page 9:

     kul

     cool

   • 1983, Bergens Tidende, number 86, page 12, column 4:

     kul

     cool

   • 1986, Khalid Hussain, Pakkis, page 79:

     «kult»

     something cool

   • 1995, Jon Ewo, Jeg var 16 da jeg forstod hva en mann må gjøre, page 10:

     kul

     cool

   • 2016, Marie Aubert, Kan jeg bli med deg hjem, page 95:

     kuleste

     coolest

   • 2023, Taran L. Bjørnstad, Uke 40, page 105:

     Kult

     It would be good

2. (colloquial) calm, composed, unruffled or emotionally unaffected; accepting and not bothered

   Synonyms: rolig, sinnslikevektig

   Hun holdt seg kul under hele krisen. ― She remained calm throughout the crisis.

   • 1993, Erling Pedersen, Bare når jeg ler, page 63:

     kul som et isberg

     as cool as an iceberg

   • 1994, Ingvar Ambjørnsen, Hevnen fra himmelen, page 9:

     like kul

     just as calm

   • 2003, Marianne Mjaaland, Unaturlig dødsfall meldes, page 61:

     så kul

     so composed

   • 2005, Sverre Henmo, Gutten til venstre, page 101:

     er kul

     am composed

   • 2005, Sverre Henmo, Gutten til venstre, page 113:

     kul med det

     fine with it

Possibly from Traveller Norwegian; the specific source word is unknown.

kul

1. (colloquial) used as an intensifier: completely, entirely, utterly

   kul umulig — completely impossible

   Det var kul umulig å se noe. ― It was completely impossible to see anything.

   • 1955, Aftenposten, number 287, page 4, column 6:

     kul umulig

     completely impossible

   • 1973 August 8, VG, page 18:

     kul umulig

     completely impossible

   • 1977, Ebba Haslund, Født til klovn, page 164:

     kul umulig

     completely impossible

   • 1987, Morten Jørgensen, Sennepslegionen, page 123:

     kul umulig

     completely impossible

   kul i havet — impossible

   • 1970, Arbeiderbladet, number 289, page 27, column 2:

     kul i havet

     impossible

   • 1990, Torbjørn Moen, Rock, regn og varmvåte kyss, page 45:

     kul i havet

     impossible

   kul mørkt — pitch-dark

   • 1928, Johan Falkberget, Det høie fjeld, page 65:

     kul mørkt

     pitch-dark

2. (colloquial, in oaths) used as an emphatic element in an exclamation

   kul i helsike/helvete — damn it; bloody hell

   • 1970, Arbeiderbladet, number 234, page 14, column 6:

     kul i helsike

     damn it

   • 1980, Tore Tveit, Å elske en løvetann, page 6:

     Kul i helvete

     Bloody hell

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

kul

1. imperative of kule (“to store root vegetables in a pit or clamp”)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

kul

1. imperative of kule (“to blow briskly, especially of a cold wind”)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

kul

1. imperative of kule (“to calm, relax; postpone”)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

kul

1. imperative of kule (“to form into a ball or balls”)

• “kul” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “kule” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “kul_1” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
• “kul_2” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
• “kul_3” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
• “kule” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

• luk, ulk

Related to the noun kule

kul m (definite singular kulen, indefinite plural kular, definite plural kulane)

1. bump, swelling (in the head or on a level surface)

From Swedish kul, with meaning influenced by English cool.

kul (neuter kult, definite singular and plural kule, comparative kulare, indefinite superlative kulast, definite superlative kulaste)

1. cool (awesome)

kul

1. imperative of kule

• “kul” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

• IPA^(key): /ˈkul/
• Rhymes: -ul
• Syllabification: kul
• Homophone: cool

kul f

1. genitive plural of kula

   Synonym: kuli

kul

1. second-person singular imperative of kulić

Borrowed from English cool.

• IPA^(key): /kûːl/

kȗl (Cyrillic spelling ку̑л)

1. cool: popular, great, in fashion

   Taj frajer je zbilja kul! — That dude is really cool!

kȗl (Cyrillic spelling ку̑л)

1. cool, in a cool manner

• IPA^(key): /ˈkul/

kul

1. sugar

• Mark Taber, Toward a Better Understanding of the Indigenous Languages of Southwestern Maluku, in Oceanic Linguistics, vol. 32, no. 2 (Winter, 1993)

kul

1. romanization of 𒆰 (kul)

Of unclear origin. Perhaps a clipping from an earlier kulan, from kula. First seen in 1911.

• IPA^(key): /kʉːl/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʉːl

kul (comparative mer kul, superlative mest kul)

1. fun

   Det är kul att åka skateboard

   It's fun to ride a skateboard

2. funny

   Vill du höra ett kul skämt?

   Want to hear a funny joke?

3. (nominalized) fun things

   Det finns mycket kul att göra på stadsfestivalen

   There are lots of fun things to do at the city festival

No inflected forms. Sometimes kulig is used colloquially when inflected forms are needed.

• jättekul
• kulig
• skitkul

• kula
• rolig
• skoj

• “kul”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
• “kul”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
• “kul”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)

Unknown.

kul ?

1. bell

• Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “kul”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 196

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish قول (kul, “male slave, servant”), from Old Anatolian Turkish قل (qul), from Proto-Turkic *kul (“slave, servant”).^[1] Cognate to Old Turkic 𐰴𐰆𐰞 (qul, “slave”), Karakhanid قُلْ (qul, “slave”), Kazakh құл (qul), Khakas хул (xul).

• IPA^(key): /ˈkʊl/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: kul

kul (definite accusative kulu, plural kullar)

1. slave
2. servant
3. (Islam) a sentient being (jinn or human) (as being obliged to worship their Creator)

Uses in the sense of slave are mostly archaic, except for a few idioms such as kul köle and the verb kulluk yapmak, meaning “to serve” in a pejorative sense. Otherwise, even figuratively, köle is more common.

• köle

• kul on the Turkish Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^tr

kul (positional)

1. to sit